Parameters of Epics.

Any comment may be placed before ---- line.
you must give a value for each row at column corresponding to
 "specified".   If you give / only there, standard is taken. No items
 should be deleted or added.  If standard column has only ",", no
 standard value is defined.

The name field must start from the 2nd column.  
Blank lines, if any,  are ignored. If the first 2 columns are blank, 
the line is regarded as a comment line and ignored.

name   standard     specified    meaning              
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 AngleB    f             /   Deflection at bremsstrahlung is taken or
                             not.   This can be neglected in most of 
                             applications.
 DtMax     100.          / very rough world size in r.l( obsolete )
 Eabsorb   0             / See Photo.  Old value was real*8 and used
                           for different purpose. For non 0 old default
                           is not compatible with this default.
                           
 Eanihi   10.e-3         / At E>Eanihi (GeV), e+ annihilation is 
                           neglected
 Ecut     100.e-6  100.e-6 / cut off gamma energy for brems (obsolete)
 EdepDedx   t             / dE/dx is energy dependent or not
                          (don't change;this is used in test mode)
 ElowerBndPair 2.e-3     / At E<ElowerBndPair(GeV), pair creation is
                           neglected (may be as low as threshold )
 EminElec   611.e-6        / Min of electron total energy (GeV) treated.
                             In some case you may put this as low as
                            (511+few tens) keV. 
 EminGamma  100.e-6        /  Min of  gamma  energy. 
                              If environment is "sp" and you want to
                              treat synchrotron radiation, you may 
                              give very low energy such as 0.1 keV.
                              
                      For the minimum energy of mu, pi, ... see
                      KEmin later.
 
 Es       19.3d-3           / scattering const (GeV)(this is the one
                              normally given as 21 MeV).
                              (don't change except for  test purpose)
 EupperBndCS   500.e-3        / At E>EupperBndCS, compton scattering is
                                neglected
 IncGp    0                   / Include g-p interaction ?
                               0-> no
                               1-> taken into account

 IoTrace  21                  /  Fortran dev# for Trace output.  If you make
                                 Trace "t", you must open this file in your 
                                 userhook routine. See Trace and TraceDir
 Knckon   t                   /  High energy knock-on process is explicitly
                                 included or not
                                 t--> knock-on of electron kinetic energy 
                                 > RecoilKeMin  is treated as a discrete
                                 process. 
                                 f-->knock-on is included  as a continuous
                                 energy loss
 Molier   t                   /  Moliere or gaussian multiple scattering.
                                 Cascade result dose not change even if you 
                                 put  f except for very special cases.
 Photo    t                   /  Photo electric absorption is  taken
                                 into account or not.  If this is t,
	               and media has high Z (such as Pb),  the K-shell
	               energy becomes  close to the default EminGamma.
                       Then apparent non-energy conservation may be seen
                       in the sum of the deposited energy ( in the form of 
                       ionization loss) in the media,
	               since the energy of emitted electron is
                                   Ee = Eg - Eshell + Me.
                       (If Eg ~ Eshell, there appear only a stopping electron
                       and this means the energy of the photon disappears).
	               The amount of energy lost in this process in Pb becomes
                       as large as ~4% for electron incident case. That is,
	               if the incident electron has 100 MeV, the total energy
	               deposited in Pb is ~95 MeV. For Fe, it becomes as
                       small as 0.1 %.  
         Eabsorb detemines how to treat the energy absorbed in the atom.
                       The default 1 (non 0) is to count the absorbed energy as
                       a part of energies deposited in the media. 
                       0 is to neglect such energy in the energy loss count.
	              (Eabs = Eg - (Ee - Me) = Eshell)
 RecoilKeMin   100.e-6        /  Knock-on electron  of kinetic energy >
                                 RecoilKeMin is explicitly produced, 
                                 if Knckon=t.	
 Tcoef    5.                  /  When a sampled path length for a charged 
                                 particle is > max(Tcoef*E, Tmin), 
                                 the path is truncated to a shorter length.

	                         This coefficient will be halved depending
                                 on the value of (Molier, ALateCor)
 Tmin     1.e-3               /  See Tcoef. 

	                         This coefficient will be halved depending
                                 on the value of (Molier, ALateCor)

 Trace    f        t        /  Write trace information or not.
                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
                                Use t only when you want to make demo
                                figures. 
                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
                                See also IoTrace and TraceDir
 TimeStruc  f                /  put time (sum of (path length)/beta cm) 
                                in the track information or not

 MagField    0               / 0--> no magnetic field exists
                               1--> constant magnetic field is assumed
                                    everywhere.  The magnitude is give
                                    by (Bxu,Byu,Bzu)
                               2--> You have to give the field depending
                                    on the particle position. You must
                                    modify  eppos2B.f in the UserHook to
                                    give  the field  in the local coordinate
                                    of the component there.

 Bxu      0.                /  The x-component of uniform mag. field (T)
 Byu      0.                /      y
 Bzu      0.                /      z

 ElecField    0             /  0--> no electric field.f
                               1--> constant electric field everywhere
                                   (Exu,Eyu,Ezu) is used
                               2--> you have to modify eppos2B.f in 
                                    UserHook.
 Exu      0.              /  x-component of uniform electric field (V/m)
 Eyu      0.              /  y
 Ezu      0.              /  z
 FreeC    t               /  Make f, only if you want to make the 
                             incident pos. to be the interaction point.
                             (continuous processes such as ionization is
                              not regarded as the interaction)
 EpsLeng 1.d-6            / Adjusting length in cm at the boundary of 
                            a component.  If a particle crosses a 
                            boundary of a component, the problem will
                            arise if it belongs to the same component
                            or another component. To avoid such a problem,
	                    the position of the particle is adjusted to
                            be at  b - w*EpsLeng, if it is to be kept
                            in the same component or b + w*EpsLeng, if
                            it is to be moved to the other component.
                            Here
                            b is the vector representing the computed
                               boundary of the component the particle
                               crosses,
                            w the direction cosine vector of the particle.
                              
 ALateCor 1               / When we move a charged particle, we have to
                            include multiple Coulomb scattering as a
                            continuous process. The scattering causes
                            angular deflection and lateral displacement
                            simultaneously.  Both are correlated each
                            other.  The correlated distribution is 
                            available only for the Gaussian approximation
                            of scattering and no practical distribution
                            exists for Moliere's theory.
                      0--> No correlation is taken into account. Only
                           angular deflection is computed for the
                           scattering.  The maximum distance a charged 
                           particle can  travel is halved (see Tcoef,
                           Tmin) to compensate the neglect of 
                           displacement.
                      1--> If Moliere=f (i.e, Gaussian scattering),
                           angular lateral correlated distribution is
                           used.  Tcoef and Tmin are used as they are.
	                   If Moliere=t, the treatment is the same
                           as the case of 0.
                      2--> Scattering angle is sampled by Moliere's
                           theory (if Moliere=t), or by Gaussian approx.
                          (Moliere=f).  Independently of the above,
                           the lateral displacement is computed by using
                           Gaussian correlation.  Tcoef and Tmin are
                           used as they are.

 Sync     0               / Take synchrotron energy loss or not.
                           0--> no synchrotron radiation process is
                                considered.
                           1--> dE/dx by synchrotron radiation is
                                taken into account for electrons.  This
                                loss is normally completely negligible.
                           2--> If the media is "sp", explicit generation
                                of synchrotron photon is tried.
                                You must give a very low value to  EminGamma.
                                (See  also SyncLoop)                        

 SyncLoop 10.             / If magnetic field exists, an electron may make a
                            semi-infinite cyclotron loop in the vacuum ("sp")
                           To avoid such a case, if the electron runs  
                           cyclotron radius * SyncLoop in vacuum, it is
                           discarded.
 MagPair  0              /  0 -> magnetic pair production is not considered
                            1 -> magnetic pair production is considered
                                 if Xai=B/Bc Eg/me > 0.05. Bc~4.3x10^13 g.

          Lines follow describe how to treat muon energy loss.  
          The ionization loss is always considered (but see  Knckon).
          The direct pair creation, bremsstrahlung and  nuclear interaction
          of muons become important at high energies  (normally at few 10
          GeV for high (Z,A) material, and few 100 GeV for low (Z,A)).
          Independently of the parameter values below, if the loss due to
          each of the 3 processes is < 1 % of dE/dx(ionization), the 
	  process is neglected.  Also, if a given media  has no table
          for the muon energy loss, the loss is neglected. Among the 3
          processes, nuclear interaction has least significance, then
          follows bremsstrahlung. The direct pair creation has the largest
	  contribution which mainly comes from a number of low energy
          pair emissions. However, the nuclear interaction and bremsstrahlung
          may sometimes give a large loss and lead to  big fluctuations.
          
          
                 
 MuNI     0          /   0--> nuclear interaction of muon is completely
                              neglected
                         1--> energy loss by n.i is included in dE/dx
                              of muons as a continuous energy loss.
                              Let v= E_transfer/Emu,  the loss here is
                              Int(vc:vmax) of (Emu vdsigma/dv).
                              (vc ~0, vmax~1).
                              
                  
                         2--> energy loss by n.i is included in dE/dx
                              of muons as a continuous energy loss in
                              which only the energy transfer smaller than 
                              vmin=10^-3 of the muon energy is included.
                              The  loss here is 
                              Int(vc: vmin) of (Emu vdsigma/dv).
	                      The portion of loss by v>vmin is treated as
                              a stocastic  process. However, the product 
                              from the n.i itself is neglected
                         3--> the same as 2, but the n.i is explicitly
                              included to produce a number of particles.
                              The n.i is treated as a gamma-nucleus 
                              interaction.
 MuBr   0          /      The same as MuNI  but for bremsstrahlung.
 MuPr   0          /      The same as MuNI  but for direct pair creation. 
 
 KEmin  0          /      Minimum kinetic energy (GeV) of heavy particles
                          (mu, pi, K, n, p, ... ) to be tracked. 
                          (Some may be tracked even if 
                          the energy becomes smaller than this when it can
                          annihilate or decay to produce particles of kinetic
                          energy > KEmin. If 0 is given, EminElec-Me is  
                          taken.  If you are interested in only muons, 
                          hadrons, and ignor the photo-hadron production,
                          you may set EminElec, EminGamma very large while
                          keeping this small. It is be very much effective
                          to do a fast simulation. 

 MsgLevel 1             / if 2, all (warning, error) messages are shown.
                           if 1, some (important, fatal error) messages are
                           shown.
                           if 0 only fatal error is  shown.
 
 MediaDir '../../Data/Media'   /directory path to the media data.
                                You can put a max of 3 paths by giving
                                additional  two in below. The media
                                name is searched for from the first path.
                              You can use ".." or "."  but not "~" nor
                              $EPICSTOP.
 MediaDir ' '              / another path
 MediaDir ' '              / one more another path
 TraceDir ' '              / if ' ',  /tmp/$USER/trace1 will be the
                             file for trace, else  given dir/trace1 is used.
 epHooks '0 0  0'         / enter the number of user defined character*100
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